What is asthma?
Asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. It can lead to episodes of coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. These breathing issues often come and go, and for many people, allergies are a key trigger.
What causes asthma?
Environmental allergies are one of the most common causes of asthma flare-ups. Allergens are tiny particles in the air, like pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander, and cockroach droppings that can irritate the airways in people who are sensitive to them. When someone with asthma is exposed to these allergens, their immune system overreacts, causing airway inflammation and making it harder to breathe.
What are the symptoms of asthma?
People may experience classic asthma symptoms like coughing or wheezing, along with additional allergy-related signs such as:
- Sneezing
- Nasal congestion
- Itchy eyes
- Post-nasal drip
Your healthcare provider will ask if anything triggers (or worsens) your symptoms. Some individuals experience symptoms while exercising.
How is asthma diagnosed and treated?
To manage these conditions effectively, it’s important to identify specific allergens causing the reaction. Allergy testing through skin or blood tests can help pinpoint triggers. Combined with lung function tests, these diagnostics allow providers to create personalized care plans.
Reducing exposure to allergens is a critical step. According to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, effective strategies include:
- Using dust mite-proof pillow and mattress covers
- Washing bedding weekly in hot water
- Keeping pets off furniture and out of bedrooms
- Cleaning food spills and sealing entry points to prevent pests
- Using dehumidifiers to reduce mold
- Avoiding smoke exposure and using HEPA air filters
Medications also play a key role. Inhalers and other asthma medications help keep airways open. If allergies are a trigger, antihistamines or other allergy-specific medications may also be recommended.
A board-certified Allergy Immunologist can help you build a customized plan to manage asthma and allergies, reduce triggers, and improve your daily life. Schedule an appointment with The Iowa Clinic's Allergy team today by calling 515.875.9260 or schedule online.