What are the common disorders of the Achilles tendon?
The Achilles tendon is the largest tendon in the human body, leaving it prone to a variety of common disorders.
Achilles Tendonitis
Achilles Tendonitis is the most common disorder related to the Achilles tendon. This disorder is characterized by inflammation of the tendon and is commonly due to overuse or repetitive stress on the Achilles tendon. Symptoms include:
- Pain
- Swelling
- Stiffness in or about the back of the heel
Achilles Tendinosis
Achilles Tendinosis is a condition of chronic degeneration of the Achilles tendon. This disorder is indicative of untreated Achilles tendonitis, which can cause ongoing pain and weakness in the tendon.
Achilles Tendon Rupture
An Achilles Tendon Rupture is a severe injury where the Achilles tendon tears partially or completely, often because of a sudden, forceful movement, or trauma. Symptoms include:
- Sudden sharp pain in the back of the ankle
- Difficulty walking
Achilles Tendon Bursitis
Bursitis refers to inflammation of the bursa, which is a small, fluid-filled sac located between the Achilles tendon and the heel bone. Symptoms include:
- Pain
- Swelling
- Tenderness in the back of the heel
Haglund's Deformity
Haglund’s Deformity is an enlargement on the back of the heel. This bony irritant to the Achilles tendon can cause pain and inflammation in or about the Achilles tendon.
What are treatment options?
Treatment for Achilles tendon disorders will vary by patient and case, but will commonly include rest, ice, physical therapy, orthotics, and in severe instances, surgery. Always seek medical advice if you suspect one of these disorders of your Achilles tendon. A quick response to the signs and symptoms of these disorders will prevent further damage and promote proper healing.