What are chronic Achilles tendon disorders?
There are several chronic Achilles tendon disorders that can occur when exposed to extreme or explosive forces during activities like walking, running, jumping, and the like. The two major muscles of the calf are connected to the ankle joint via the Achilles tendon, meaning when those muscles are called on for a sudden forceful movement, the quick increase in stress can damage the Achilles tendon.
Some of the chronic disorders of the Achilles tendon include:
- Achilles tendonitis
- Achilles tendinosis
- Achilles tendon rupture
- Achilles tendon bursitis
- Haglund's Deformity
How is an Achilles tendon disorder treated?
In diagnosing a chronic Achilles tendon disorder, your surgeon will examine your foot and ankle, carefully evaluating the range of motion and the functionality of the tendon. Further imaging, like x-rays, MRI scans or CT scans may be ordered to assess the extent of the injuries.
Surgery for chronic Achilles tendon disorders is often recommended when conservative treatment efforts (i.e., physical therapy, orthotic devices, rest, ice, compression, etc.) have not been effective in improving the condition or relieving symptoms.
The most used procedures for chronic Achilles tendon disorders include:
- Achilles tendon debridement - Involves removing damaged or degenerated tissue from the Achilles tendon.
- Achilles tendon repair - In instances where the Achilles tendon is partially or completely torn, surgery may be needed to reattach the tendon to the heel bone.
- Achilles tendon lengthening - This procedure is performed to lengthen a tight Achilles tendon, which can help relieve pain and improve flexibility.
- Tendon transfer - In some cases, a tendon transfer may be necessary to repair a severely damaged Achilles tendon, which involves taking a tendon from another part of the body and using it to replace the damaged Achilles tendon.
Your trusted orthopedic surgeon will be able to best determine an appropriate surgical procedure for your specific condition. Recovery from Achilles tendon surgery can take several months, and physical therapy is often recommended to further restore strength and flexibility in the affected Achilles tendon.
Last Medically Reviewed on April 29, 2026.