What is a proctoscopy?
A proctoscopy, also known as a rigid sigmoidoscopy, is a procedure that provides an extensive view of the rectum and anal canal. This is not to be confused with a flexible sigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy. The proctoscopy uses a proctoscope which is a rigid tube that has a camera and light on the end to provide a clear view of the rectum and anal canal. The proctoscope is typically smaller than 1 foot long.
What is an anoscopy?
The goal of the anoscopy procedure is very similar to the proctoscopy, however, the tool that is used is different. The anoscopy uses an anoscope which is a short rigid tube with a light at the end. The anoscope is shorter than the proctoscope making the proctoscope easier to view more of the rectum.
Your doctor will recommend what procedure is most ideal for your situation.
One of the top reasons for needing a proctoscopy or anoscopy exam is to help provide answers if you are suffering from any colorectal issues. Some symptoms you could be experiencing include:
- Consistent constipation
- Diarrhea
- Rectal bleeding
- Unexplained weight loss
When a doctor is performing a proctoscopy or anoscopy, they are looking for:
- Hemorrhoids
- Tumors
- Polyps
- Signs of anal or rectal cancer
- Source of rectal bleeding
- Inflammation of the rectum
- Rectum or anus disease
- Monitor previously treated rectal cancer.
If any abnormal tissue or polyps are found while conducting the exam, the proctoscope or anoscope can remove them for further testing.
Prepping for a proctoscopy or anoscopy
These are typically outpatient exams that are completed within 30 minutes. This could be done at a clinic or hospital. When prepping for your anoscopy or proctoscopy, the main goal will be to fully empty your colon and bowels. This allows the doctor the clearest view into the rectum to help conduct a conclusive diagnosis. Your doctor will provide their best recommendation on what to use when clearing the colon, but it will likely consist of either using a laxative or enema. Additionally, you may be required to go on a clear liquid diet 24 hours prior to the exam.
During the exam
Once you check into the clinic or hospital, you will be taken into an exam room to prep for the procedure. You will be placed on your side for the doctor to have easier access to insert the proctoscope or anoscope into the rectum. Anesthesia is not required for either exam. If needed, a low dose sedative may be provided to help you relax.
The doctor may pump air into your rectum via the scope for a clearer view of the anal canal. This air may cause stomach cramping, however, typically there is not much discomfort from the procedure.
Following the procedure, there may be minor bleeding or blood in the stool, but this will not be a long-lasting symptom. If this persists for over one week following the exam, contact your provider.